论口译情境与机构译员的话语策略——以2014年总理记者会为例

On Interpreting Situation and Institutional Interpreters' Discourse Strategy——A Case Study of Interpreting on Premier's Press Conference

以话语情境理论为框架,剖析语境与机构译员的话语策略。记者会口译运用三类话语策略:(1)行为顺序上,多用陈述句、简化修辞手段;(2)语体上,省略寒暄语、语气词、评价词及插入语;(3)阐释规范上,增添或省略业内信息。受制于三重语境:(1)政策宣传和国家形象塑造的交际目的,简化译语形式,突出内容;(2)政治与媒体交互的场景弱化译语口语性,强化公众性;(3)译员的机构属性主导阐释的明晰度,淡化负面信息。

The interplay of situational parameters and discourse features as well as interpreting strategies of in- stitutional interpreters is explored within the theoretical framework of Hymes＇ Speech Situation Theory. Through a case study of interpreting on Premier＇s Press Conference in 2014, it is found that the discourse strategies adopted by interpreters on the Premier＇s Press Conference can be perceived from three main dimensions： 1） in act sequence, declarative sentences are preferred; the rhetorical devices are simplified; informative functions are enhanced while expressive functions are weakened; 2） in instrumentalities, greetings, modal particles, evaluative phrases and pa- rentheses are omitted; 3） in norms of interaction and interpretation, insider＇ s information is added or omitted pur- posefully. The above discourse strategies are mainly determined by three layers of situational parameters： 1） the communicative goals to publicize policy and build up national image require to simplify the linguistic forms and highlight the contents in interpreting; 2） the co-existence of political and mass media situation weakens orality while strengthens the public-orientated expressions; 3） the interpreters＇ institutional nature requires to adjust the explic- itness of the illustration to downplay the negative image.