先进无损检测技术在复合材料缺陷检测中的应用

Application of Advanced Nondestructive Testing Technologies for the Detection of Defects in Composites

针对飞机复合材料构件全生命周期无损检测问题,介绍喷水超声C扫描技术、相控阵超声技术、空气耦合超声技术、激光超声技术和红外热成像技术在复合材料检测中的最新应用。研制大型喷水超声C扫描系统和新型超声、红外检测系统并开展试验研究,采用喷水超声方法,实现了蜂窝夹芯复合材料构件的C扫描检测;采用相控阵超声检测方法,实现了碳纤维复合材料R角检测;采用空气耦合超声方法,实现了蜂窝夹芯复合材料检测和PMMA板的导波检测;采用激光超声方法,实现了碳纤维复合材料分层检测;采用红外热成像方法,实现了蜂窝夹芯复合材料结构检测。研究表明,提出的超声、红外检测技术可以用于飞机复合材料构件全生命周期的大型结构检测、复杂结构检测、非接触检测、高精度检测和外场快速检测。

Concerning the problems on the detection of composites parts of modem aircrafts in the whole lifetime, the novel application of water squirt ultrasonic C-scan technique, ultrasonic phased array technique, air-coupled ultrasonic technique, laser ultrasonic technique and infrared thermal imaging technique for the detection of advanced composite ma- terials is introduced. A series experiments are conducted based on the self-developed large-scale water squirt ultrasonic C- scan system, novel ultrasonic and infrared testing systems. The detection of honeycomb sandwich composites structures is realized by the water squirt ultrasonic C-scan technique. The detection of delamination located at the comer of the L-shaped carbon fiber composites parts is realized by the ultrasonic phased array technique. The detection of interface debonding in honeycomb sandwich composites parts and the detection of PMMA plate with guided waves are realized by the air-coupled ultrasonic technique. The detection of delamination in carbon fiber composites is realized by the laser ultrasonic technique. The detection of interface debonding in honeycomb sandwich composites parts is realized by the infrared thermal imaging technique. The results prove that the proposed novel ultrasonic techniques and infrared thermal imaging technique are capable of realizing the large-scale structure detection, complex profile detection, noncontact detection, high-precision detection and on-site detection of modem aircraft composites parts.