贵州烟区烤烟烟叶香气物质分析

Analysis of Aroma Components in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves in Guizhou Tobacco-growing Areas

为明确贵州烟区烤烟烟叶香气物质差异,并依据香气物质对贵州烟区烟叶进行分类,采用正己烷常温萃取法和液相-气相-质谱联用技术对贵州10个地区烤烟烟叶香气物质含量进行测定。结果表明,贵州烟区不同品种间烟叶香气物质差异较小,而不同叶位间和不同地区间差异较大,贵州烟区不同地区中部烟叶巨豆三烯酮等15种香气物质含量差异显著。主成分分析表明,巨豆三烯酮、茄酮和降茄二酮等是贵州烟区烤烟的关键香气物质;通过聚类分析将贵州烟区不同地区的烤烟烟叶划分为三类,第一类是德江、兴仁、西秀、道真和威宁;第二类为贵定、凯里、开阳和余庆;第三类为盘县。

The main purpose of this paper was to explore the difference of aroma components among flue-cured tobacco leaves in Guizhou tobacco-growing areas and classify different regions accordingly. Seventeen aroma components indexes were analyzed by n-hexane solvent extraction and liquid chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-GC-MS) method with flue-cured tobacco samples collected from 44 sampling points in ten production regions in Guizhou. The results showed the difference of aroma component contents among different varieties was small, while significant difference was observed among different regions and among different leaf positions. Moreover, fifteen aroma component indexes were significantly different among middle leaves from different regions in Guizhou. Principal component analysis indicated that megastigmatrienone, solanone and norsolandione et al. were the key indexes of aroma components in Guizhou tobacco-growing areas. The leaf collections were divided into three categories according to the different aroma components in tobacco samples. The first category included Dejiang, Xingren, Xixiu, Daozhen and Weining regions with lower content of aroma components. The second one included Guiding, Kaili, Kaiyang and Yuqing regions with higher content of geranyl acetone, megastigmatrienone, 3-hydroxy-β-damascone, neophytadiene and farnesylacetone. The third category was Panxian regions with higher content of solanone and norsolandione.