论地方立法项目征集制度的完善

On Improving Local Legislative Items Collection System

地方立法项目申报制度是我国地方立法项目征集的习惯做法,这种方法导致地方立法不能客观反映人民意愿、地方立法权力寻租、地方立法缺乏针对性以及地方立法申请项目质量较差等不良后果。为了解决地方立法项目申报制度带来的问题,部分省份开始试行立项项目公开征集制度。公开征集制度能够从源头上提高地方立法质量、节约地方立法成本、为地方立法规划提供科学依据、实现地方立法资源合理配置、促进法制宣传教育等。但地方立法项目公开征集制度目前还存在立法项目层次比较低、虎头蛇尾和缺失立、改、废并行思维等问题。地方立法项目公开征集制度的完善主要在以下几个方面:鼓励民众参与地方立法项目征集活动、专业人员对地方立法公开征集项目进行初步筛选、地方立法项目公开征集方式创新、地方立法项目公开征集要产生相应的效力等。

Application system has been a conventional practice in China's local legislative items collection. This method may lead to failures to reflect the will of the people,power rent-seeking,lack of pertinence,and poor quality of items in local legislation. To solve these problems,some provinces are trying to openly collect legislative items. This method has been favored by local legislatures as it helps improve the quality from the beginning,saves cost,provides a more scientific basis,distributes the legislative resources more reasonably,and serves as a channel of legal education.Good as it is,this system currently still has problems to be dealt with,such as low level of items,a brave beginning with a weak ending,and the lack of a integrated thinking of establishing the new,correcting the wrong,and abolishing the bad. The improvement of the open collection system should consider the following aspects:encouraging the public's participation,engaging professional personnel in initial screening of items,innovating methods,and making sure that this system will produce corresponding effects.