日本社会转型与青少年蛰居问题的演变

Japanese Social Transformation and Evolution of Teenagers' Hikikomori

"蛰居"是现代化发展过程中出现的社会病理现象,是一种丧失社会行为、自我封闭的消极生活状态。在当代日本急剧的社会转型中,蛰居经历了从萌芽、增多到社会问题化的演变过程。青少年蛰居萌芽于日本经济高速增长后已步入富裕社会的20世纪70年代末期。80年代,伴随着大众消费社会的到来和"不登校"问题的凸显,蛰居现象不断增多。90年代,日本进入泡沫经济崩溃后面临全面转型的多元化时代,蛰居逐渐由隐性现象向显性社会问题转化。21世纪以来,随着"格差社会"的出现及少子老龄化程度的加深,愈演愈烈的蛰居现象已成为关系到日本社会未来发展不容忽视的问题之一。

The phenomenon of ＂hikikomori＂ is a social pathological phenomenon in the process of modernization,a passive state with the loss of social behavior and self-reclusion. During the sharp transformation in Japanese modern society,the hikikomori experienced from germ,an increasingly common phenomenon to a social problem. The teenagers＇ hikikomori appeared in the 1970s when Japan has turned into an affluent so- ciety after the high-speed development of economy. And in the 1980s,it became increasingly common,be cause that mass consumption society approached and the problem of ＂nor school attendance＂ was highlight ed. In the 1990s,Japan＇s bubble economy collapsed and a pluralistic era of transformation formed, so the phenomenon of teenagers＇ hikikomori gradually evolved into an obvious social problem. Since the 21st cen tury,with the appearance of ＂social inequality＂ and the deepened trend of fewer children and more elders, more and more serious hikikomori has developed into a remarkable problem influencing Japan＇s future de velopment.