反垄断法视角下我国职业体育联盟建构的理论研究

A Study of Chinese Professional Sports League from Antitrust Analysis

职业体育是体育产业中的核心部分,而职业体育联盟是职业体育产业中的关键结构。首先对我国职业体育产业中的行政垄断进行了分析,认为行政垄断是我国职业体育产业发展的主要障碍;其次,从反垄断法与经济学视角对"企业联营"模式、"单一实体"模式和"混合模式"三种职业体育联盟模式进行了分析,认为"单一实体"模式所面临的反垄断风险要小于"企业联营"模式和"混合模式",但"企业联营"模式和"混合模式"在经济效率上明显优于"单一实体"模式。我国建立职业体育联盟可以选择"企业联营"模式和"混合模式",并可以通过寻求反垄断豁免来化解这两种模式的法律风险。最后还就职业体育联盟与《中国足球总体改革方案》中涉及的职业联赛理事会的相关问题进行了初步探讨。

The Chinese State Council issued Document No. 46 in 2014, indicating that the sports industry had entered into a new era in China. Professional sport is one of the most important part of sports industry, and the professional sports leagues is the key of professional sports industry. Therefore, how to construct the professional sports leagues is a critical issue. This study showed that single entity leagues were faced with less risk in antitrust than that of joint venture leagues and mixed mode leagues while the latter could achieve better economic benefits. In China, the professional sports league should be established with both joint venture leagues and mixed mode leagues in order to resolve the risks by anti--monop- oly exemption. In this paper, discussion on the professional sports league and the council mentioned in the Chinese Foot- ball Reform Plan was presented.