石油溶液物理结构研究的回顾与前瞻

Retrospect and prospect of physical structure research on petroleum solution

石油溶液物理化学性质是影响石油开发、加工的主要因素。石油溶液结构研究则是石油物理化学性质研究中的基本问题之一。石油溶液结构包括物理结构和化学结构两个范畴。石油溶液化学结构的研究已经发展到可以用元素组成、分子量和结构参数表征石油体系的(平均)化学组成。有限的石油溶液物理结构研究集中于石油胶体溶液和石油分子溶液的描述与表征。石油溶液物理结构研究尚缺乏成熟的方法和普遍认可的表征参数。根据石油溶液物理化学性质测定等间接途径建立起来的石油溶液物理结构的理论模型是以沥青质为核心的,可能并不完全适合于沥青质含量较低而胶质含量较高的国产原油。综述了如何构筑具有理论和实践意义的石油溶液的物理结构模型,及如何建立石油复杂溶液的热力学概念及其理论分析体系。

Physical and chemical properties of petroleum solution have important effects on petroleum exploration and production. Research for structure of petroleum solution is the basic problem of physical and chemical properties of petroleum solution. Structure of petroleum solution includes physical structure and chemical structure. Chemical structure of petroleum solution has been developed to use elementary composition, molecular weight and structure parameters to characterize chemical composition of petroleum system （average）. Limited petroleum solution physical structure research has focused on description and characterization of petroleum colloidal solution and petroleum molecular solution. Physical structure of petroleum solution is still lack of mature methods and generally accepted characterization parameters. Theory model of physical structure of petroleum solution which is established by indirectly measuring physical and chemical properties of petroleum solution base on asphalt as the core, but this theory model may not com- pletely suitable for domestic crude oil with low asphalt content and high colloid content. Review how to construct petroleum solution physical structure model which is useful in theory and practice and establish thermodynamics concept and theoretical analysis system of petroleum complex solution.