新一轮技术革命与工业化国家的工业再升级战略

The New Round of Technological Revolution and Industrial Re-revolution Strategy in The Western Industrialized Countries

新技术革命呈现出三个基本特征:不同学科、领域之间的技术相互融合的范围、深度进一步扩大;通过不同领域技术的融合,形成有别于传统产业的新型高端产业;高端产业间的相互作用会形成以区域为中心,以创新为根本的区域技术创新生态系统。西方工业化国家为了加快实现发展高端产业的目标,提出了一系列优先发展的新兴技术和先进的制造部门,制定并实施了一系列有关工业研发投资与人力资源培养的政策。可以预见,工业再升级战略将从生产技术与生产组织形式的变革两个方面大幅提高西方国家的工业劳动生产率,进一步巩固其在国际上的领先地位。在新一轮的工业升级竞赛中,中国要积极利用新技术革命带来的机遇,制定应对战略,加快工业转型升级的步伐,进一步缩小与西方工业化国家的差距。

New technology revolution has three basic features： the fusion among different discipline＇s technology becomes deeper and wider; The fusion of different technologies forms new advanced industries which are different from the traditional industries; The interaction among the advanced industries will form the regional technology innovation ecosystem based on innovation. In order to accelerate the development of advanced industries, Western industrialized countries put forward to develop a series of prior technologies and advanced manufacturing departments, promote policies of industrial R＆D investment and human resources training. Predictably, industrial re-revolution strategy will increase labor productivity by changing manufacturing technology and the form of organization, which is the only way for the western industrialized countries to consolidate the leading positions around the world. In this industrial re-revolution competition, China should actively use the opportunity brought by new technologies, accelerate the speed of development strategies and then narrow the gap between China and the western industrialized countries.