对我国农田基础设施建设的思考

Some Considerations on Farmland Infrastructure Construction

农田基础设施建设是我国现代农业发展的基本要求,也是我国农业发展的战略工程。我国在农田基础设施建设实践中,存在着投资分散、重复建设且缺乏优先序设计,尚未充分调动农民和农村基层自治组织的积极性,缺乏合理的可持续性管护机制等问题。日本、韩国和我国台湾的农田基础设施建设取得了良好成效,其主要做法包括:政府顶层设计形成长效机制;各部门通力协作并长期坚持;通过农民自主申请开展项目建设,充分调动农民和自治组织的积极性;政府和农民共同融资,并为农民提供优惠政策。基于此提出我国应从建立统筹协调机制和项目建设长效机制;结合土地确权颁证,发挥农民自治作用;建设资金以政府为主导,辅以农民投资;建立政府农民双重管护机制等方面促进农田基础设施建设。

Farmland infrastructure construction is not only the basic requirement for agricultural modernization,but also the strategic project of agriculture in China.However,some problems still exist in the practice,such as investment dispersion,repeated construction and lack of priority designing,inadequate motivation of farmers and self-governing organizations in rural areas and absence of sustainable management and protection mechanism.Japan,South Korea and Taiwan have performed well in farmland infrastructure construction.Their main practices include:to design top policy and long-acting mechanism,to make long-term coordination and cooperation of various departments;to carry out the project by application of farmers and positively motivate farmers and self-governing organizations;to co-finance by both government and farmers and provide preferential policies for farmers.Therefore,this paper finally proposes some suggestions on how to promote the farmland infrastructure construction :China should establish the double protection mechanism of government and farmers,land right confirmation and certification should be carried out,co-ordinating and cooperation mechanism and long-acting mechanism of project construction should be built and the construction fund should be mainly from government only with the help of farmer's investment.