我国农业面源污染问题的研究进展

Research Development of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in China

中国农业发展与环境之间存在严重矛盾和冲突,突出问题是农业面源污染日趋严重。对农业面源污染的现状、成因和治理政策措施进行了梳理,研究发现:我国农业面源污染的来源结构日益多样化、区域异质性特征显著;不合理的制度安排、社会环境变迁和政策因素是农业面源污染的主要成因;命令控制型、经济激励型和公众参与型政策措施是农业面源污染治理的主要政策手段。农业面源污染的成因、农业补贴"新政"对农业面源污染的影响和农业面源污染治理的政策创新,需要进一步深入研究。

There are serious contradictions and conflicts between China's agricultural development and environment,and the agricultural non-point source pollution is the prominent problem.At present,academics further explores the status quo,causes and control policies of agricultural non-point source pollution.The result shows that the structure of Chinese agricultural non-point source pollutionis increasingly diverse,and regional heterogeneityis significant.The unreasonable institutional arrangement,social environment change and policy factorsare considered as the main causes of agricultural non-point source pollution,while command type,economic incentive type and public participation type are the main policies for agricultural non-point source pollution control.Therefore,causes of agricultural non-point source pollution,how the new agricultural subsidy policy affects the agricultural non-point source pollution and policy innovation of agricultural non-point source pollution control all need to have further study.