电四极矩定义和计算探析

Study on the Definition and Calculation of the Electric Quadrupole Moment

电四极矩在电磁学和原子核物理中有着重要应用,但并没有进行深入的研究.本论文研究了电四极矩定义具有主观性和任意性,探讨了引入约化电四极矩张量的必要性,最后讨论了约化电四极矩张量计算电荷体系电势的优势与应用.

Electric quadrupole moment has important application in electromagnetics and nuclear physics,but there is no in-depth study of it. This paper studies the subjectivity and arbitrariness of the definition of the electric quadrupole moment,then explores the necessity for introducing the concept of electric quadrupole moment tensor,and finally discusses the advantages and applications of reduced electric quadrupole moment tensor in electric charge system.