船舶燃油火灾特性参数试验研究

The characteristic parameters of ship oil fires

针对舰船消防战术决策缺少大量定量理论数据问题,通过ISO9705试验平台、水浴油池和测试系统,采用氧消耗原理法,分别测量了0.1 m2和0.2 m2船舶燃油火灾的热释放速率、温度和热辐射强度值,研究燃油的初始温度与热释放率、燃烧时间、辐射强度及燃烧温度值之间的关系。试验发现,0.2 m2燃油火比0.1 m2燃油火的燃烧时间短450 s,平均热释放率增大140 k W,在1倍直径处的辐射强度增大约5 k W/m2,平均温度增加约70℃,根据已有数据可以测算10 m2油池的热释放速率约为20.2 MW。试验研究方法对于舰船消防战术中如何控制火灾蔓延及降低火灾危险度具有重要的理论参考价值。

Little quantitative data is available to assist in warship firefighting tactics. An experiment was carried out on an ISO9705 test platform using a bath oil sump and test system, and based on the oxygen consumption method. the heat release rates of 0.1 m2 and 0.2 m2 fuel fires, and the thermal radiation intensity values were measured. The relationships between the initial temperature, heat release rate, burn time, radiation intensity, and combustion temperature were analyzed. It was found that the burning time of 0.2 mE fuel oil was 450 s shorter than that of 0.1 m2fuel oil, while the average heat release rate increased by 140 kW, the radiation intensity increased by approximately 5 kW/m2 at a position equal to the diameter, and the average temperature increased by approximately 70℃. We calculated a heat release rate of 20.2 MW for the 10 mE oil sump. The test results establish theoretical reference values for use in the control of fire spreading, and will help to reduce fire risks in warship firefighting.