论超越法律之评价标准与司法公正的关系

About the Relationship between Evaluation Criteria beyond the Law and Judicial Justice

法律是调节社会秩序的有效手段,在人类社会的发展过程起着不可替代的作用。然而,法官在作出司法裁量的同时,除了依据法律之外,还会潜移默化地受到法律之外的一些因素的影响,如法官本身的法感、法伦理、价值经验、社会道德等,且可在社会契约理论中寻找到其正当性。在司法实践中,法官通过判决所体现出来的道德情感、法伦理等法律之外的裁量标准,可作为正义冲突时的价值导向。这些超越法律之外的评判标准对司法公正,对法官的正确裁量起着至关重要的作用。

Law is an effective means to regulate social order,and it plays an irreplaceable role in the development of human society. However, when the judges make decisions, he will be not only based on the law, but also on some other factors, namely, the factors outside the law also exert a subtle influence on the judges such as ethics, values, social morality and so on. And these factors can find its justification in the theory of social contract. In the judicial practice, the judgement criteria reflected in judges＇ decisions such as moral emotion and law ethics which are outside the law can be regarded as the value orientation when justice conflicts. In all, these judgement criteria outside the law plays a vital role in judge＇s correct discretion.