定量数据分析效应值:意义、计算与解释

Effect Sizes in Quantitative Analysis: Significance,Computation and Interpretation

由于零假设显著性检验存在的问题,近年来国外许多研究者、期刊编辑和研究学会建议或要求定量研究结果报告效应值作为对显著性检验结果的补充,然而国内心理学、教育学等社会科学领域还很少有学者对效应值进行专门研究。文章将讨论显著性检验存在的问题,效应值的定义及其重要性,效应值的分类、效应值的计算方法和效应值的解释标准。

Considering the problems related with null hypothesis significance testing, many foreign researchers, journal editors and research associations have recently encouraged or required the reporting of effect sizes as part of the statistical results in empirical studies. However, few domestic researchers of social sciences have ever studied effect sizes. This article serves as a primer of effect sizes in order to assist researchers of quantitative studies in understanding the significance of effect sizes and in the computation and interpretation of the various types of effect sizes.