古代审案官员司法调查权溯源——以秦汉爰书为背景

On the Origin of the Ancient Power of Judicial Investigation——According to the Record of Qin and Han Dynasty

中国古代审案官员司法调查成制于秦汉,秦汉爰书的相关记载可以成为现代法官调查权研究的溯源之本。爰书内容全面反映了秦汉审案官员司法调查以被告人口供、控告人陈述为中心、注重对被告人品格证据的调查以及详查细勘获取客观性证据等特点。这些特点经后世演进、改良,形成彰显中华法系特色的司法制度。至今,古代司法调查权的某些特点仍明典于律文或暗行于实践。通过对古代审案官员司法调查权的研究,可发掘现今法官调查权存在问题之成因,亦能为完善法官调查权提供制度之借鉴。

Ancient Chinese judicial investigation became a system in the Qin and Han dynasties, and we can research the origin of the ancient power of judicial investigation according to the record of Qin and Han Dynasty. Comprehensive record reflects ancient judicial officials investigating the defendant confessions, focusing on the defendant character evidence investigation and detailed investigation of the survey to obtain objective evidence of fine features. These characteristics improved by later generations, highlighting the Chinese legal system characteristic form of justice. Through research and analysis about the ancient judicial officials investigation, we can explore the causes of the current problems of the judicial investigation, and also to provide a reference for the improvement of the system of judicial investigation.