冲破科学的性别樊篱——金陵女子大学的教育实践及其启示

Breaking through the Barriers of Science and Gender:The Enlightenment of Educational Practice of Ginling College

高等教育专业分布的性别分隔由来已久,学科亦呈高度性别化的软科学/硬科学之分,女性缺席于硬科学是一个世界性现象。而金陵女子大学在其短短的几十年办学期间,却以较高比例培养出一批女性科技英才,其中不乏在硬科学领域成就卓著者。文章从学校精英主义的教育理念、女性主体的独立学院微观机制、科学精神的培养模式以及女生在科技报国与女性独立两大主题下的选择动力入手,展示她们如何摆脱传统性别规范束缚,进入男性优势的学科领域。尽管金女大激励女生突破软硬科学的成功实践仅仅是一个个例,但为我们今天如何突破专业的性别化分隔提供了一定的启示,并留下思考空间。

Gender segregation existing in academic disciplines in post-secondary education is a long standing phenomenon. The gen- dered separation of soft sciences and hard sciences as well as women＇s absence in hard sciences exist across the world. Ginling College, however, has in the past decades educated a group of women scientists, among whom some became outstanding hard scientists. This paper examines the following aspects in order to show how the college has encouraged students to overcome traditional gender barriers and enter into male dominated sciences. These are elitist educational philosophy, Ginling College as an independent school, promoting aspirations for science and motivating women to be independent and go into science to serve their country. Although Ginling College is only a successful case in encouraging women to break into sciences, it has enlightened us with means to work against gender-based segregation in sciences.