氮用量及氮磷钾配比对晒红烟品质的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Rates and NPK Ratios on Quality of Dark Sun- Cured Tobacco

试验以大叶黄为材料,探讨了氮用量及氮磷钾配比对农安地区晒红烟品质的影响,测定了晒后烟叶的物理特性、常规化学成分、中性致香物质和感官质量。试验结果表明:氮用量的增加可以提高烟叶的叶长、叶宽、叶质重及单叶重。晒红烟总糖、还原糖含量随着氮用量的增加而降低;烟碱、总氮含量随着氮用量的增加而增加,在中氮处理下较适宜;提高钾肥用量可增加烟叶中总糖、还原糖、钾的含量,降低烟叶中氯的含量。中氮水平下烟叶中性致香物质的含量较高。感官质量整体表现为氮用量67.5 kg/hm^2、N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O为1∶0.5∶2和1∶1∶3的处理下得分较高。综上分析,本试验条件下,在氮用量为67.5 kg/hm^2、N∶P_2O_5∶K2O配比为1∶1∶3时,晒后烟叶的综合质量较好。

In order to investigate the influences of nitrogen fertilizer amount and NPK ratios on the quali- ty of Nongan dark sun - cured tobacco, choosing Dayehuang as material, its physical properties, chemical components, neutral aroma component and sensory quality were measured. The results showed that adding N amount could improve tobacco leaf length, width, single leaf weight and leaf specific weight. The contents of total sugar and reducing sugar of dark sun - cured tobacco reduced with the increase of N consumption. Adding N consumption, the nicotine and total N contents rose, and reached the appropriate value under medi- um N amount. Improving K fertilizer could increase the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium, and reduce the chlorine content. The content of neutral aroma component in the middle leaves reached the maximum under medium N rate. The scores of sensory quality were higher under N rate of 67.5 kg/hm2 with N： P205：K20 ratio of 1： 0.5：2 and 1： 1： 3. Above all, the N rate of 67.5 kg/hm2 with N： P205： K20 ratio of 1 ： 1 ： 3 was beneficial for the quality formation of dark sun - cured tobaeco.