多元文化背景下少数民族的认同困境及其应对思考

THE DILEMMAS OF MINORITY IDENTITIES AND THE RESPONSIVE THINKING UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF MULTICULTURALISM

目前,"多元文化主义"已发展成为一种政治思想,在如何看待文化、政治和民族等方面都有着自己的观点。少数民族遭遇多元文化主义,将在民族文化与国家文化、民族自治与国家治理、民族身份与公民身份的关系等问题上产生认同困境。何以应对?核心理念是坚持"尊重多样,包容差异"原则。本文以中国为例尝试了深入的剖析。具体而言,党和国家需注重中华文化的内涵发展、自治权利的法律实践和公民身份的科学构建等议题的探讨,通过消解少数民族认同上的困境,提升中国各民族的中华文化认同、中国政治认同和中华民族认同,加强社会凝聚力、民族向心力和国家统合力。

Presently, the ＂multicuhuralism＂ has evolved into a political ideology and it has its own point of views in terms of perceiving culture, politics and nation. The dilemma of identity is generated in the relationships between ethnic culture and national culture, ethnic autonomy and national governance, ethnic identity and citizen identity when minorities encounter muhicuhuralism. How to cope with it？ The core idea is to adhere to the principle of ＂respect for diversity, inclusiveness of difference＂ . This article conducts an in-depth analysis tentatively by taking China as an example. Specifically, the Party and the state need to lay emphasis on issues such as the connotation development of the Chinese culture, the legal practice of rights of autonomy, and the scientific identity construction of citizenship in order to promote Chinese cultural identity, political identity and national identity among all ethnic groups in China and to strengthen social cohesion, national solidarity and state integration through dispelling the predicament of minority identities.