民国时期乡村师范教育的实施及特点

On the Features and Implementation of Rural Normal Education in the Period of Republican China

民国时期的乡村师范教育获得了长足的发展,代表了我国的师范教育开始注重乡村,表现出了独特之处。其培养目标不仅注重乡村教师的专业知识技能的掌握,而且注重乡村教师健全人格的养成;其课程设置包括普通课程、教育课程和乡村教育专业课程。乡村师范学校的实习,分为参观、见习、试教三个步骤;乡村师范学校的学生经过选拔、课程训练、实习,最后毕业离校,服务社会。民国时期乡村师范教育的实施,呈现出课程设置乡村化、实习程序规范化、服务年限制度化的特点。

Rural normal education won abundant development in the period of Republican China. It implied that normal education in our country began to focus on rural areas quite early, which reflected its unique features. The education targets were not only on professional knowledge and skills, but also on sound personality development of rural teachers; the curriculum were involved with ordinary education and rural education professional courses. The internship of rural normal education was divided into visiting, probation and trial teaching. After selection, curriculum training and internship, students from rural normal schools finished school to serve the society. The implementation of rural normal education in the period of Republican China has reflected features of the ruralization of the curriculum, the normalization of internship process, and the institutionalization of length of service.