泽泻盐制前后成分转化的^1HNMR分析

Changes of Chemical Constitution in Alismatis rhizoma after Saline Processing as Revealed by ^1H NMR Analysis

泽泻为临床常用中药,是五苓散、龙胆泻肝丸及六味地黄丸等经典方剂的主要组成.我国药典收载了泽泻的两种饮片,即生饮片和盐制片.传统理论认为泽泻生饮片和盐制片功效不同,生饮片偏重于利水泄热,盐制后泄热作用缓和,小剂量可用于补益剂,但其物质基础还不清楚,难以有效控制饮片的制备工艺和成品质量.为了深入揭示泽泻生饮片和盐制片的成分差异,以及盐制过程中成分的转化,该研究运用基于核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)技术的代谢组学方法研究了泽泻生饮片与盐制片的化学成分差异及盐制过程中的成分变化.结果表明,泽泻生饮片与盐制片成分差异较大,而且随着盐制时间的延长成分变化愈加明显.采用偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)显示,d_H 1.34信号对泽泻生饮片和盐制饮片在主成分1(t[1])方向的分离贡献最大.不同盐制时间条件下d_H 3.82、3.78、3.66、1.34、0.92和1.30处的泽泻醇类成分特征信号变化明显,提示泽泻盐制过程中原萜烷型泽泻醇类成分可能发生脱水、脱乙酰基和氧化反应.该文为深入了解泽泻盐制过程成分转化提供了可靠依据.

As a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine （TMC）, Alismatis rhizoma is the main ingredient of many classical formulas, such as Wu Ling San, Long Dan Xie Gan Wan and Liu Wei Di Huang Wan. Both the raw slices of Alismatis rhizoma and the slices processed with saline arelisted are prescription drugs in the Pharmacopoeia of People＇s Republic of China. TMC theory thinks the raw and processed slices of Alismatis rhizoma are different in function. The raw slices are emphasized on its actions of alleviating water retention and dispersing heat, whiles the processed slices are thought ineffective in these respects. The active components in these two types of Alismatis rhizoma slices remained poorly understood, making standardizing the saline processing procedure and quality control difficult. In this paper, we applied ^1H NMR based metabonomic approach to investigate the difference of chemical constitution between the raw and salt-processed slices of Alismatis rhizome. The result showed that the chemical constitution of the Alismatis rhizoma slices changed significantly after salt-processing, and such changes were influenced by the length of processing time. In PLS-DA analysis, the signals of alisols at δ3.82, 3.78, 3.66, 1.34, 0.94, and 1.30 changed significantly under different processing conditions, indicating that alisols were perhaps the chemical fingreprints contributing the different functions of raw and salt-processed Alismatis rhizoma slices.