立体结构和行动实践——费孝通“差序格局”理论新解

Three-dimensional Structure and Action Practice——A New Interpretation of Fei Xiaotong's Theory of “Structure of Grade”

费孝通先生早年提出的"差序格局"是一个极富学术创造力和生命力的本土学术概念和理论。后来的学者对这个理论进行了大量研究,取得了可观的成果。但不少学者把"差序格局"理解为平面结构的,表述社会关系和人际关系的理论,降低了这一表述社会结构的概念和理论的格调,也大大缩小了其内涵。"差序格局"可能是一个由横向的"差"和纵向的"序"交叉构成的立体多维的理论分析框架,这个框架大体包括"差序格局"的立体结构和人的行动实践两个方面,具有丰富的理论内涵,有待进一步挖掘和深入研究。

The theory of ＂structure of grade＂ advanced by Mr. Fei Xiaotong is a local academic concept and theory with great academic creativity and vitality. Many scholars have made studies on this theory with considerable achievements. Still, some scholars take it as a planar structure theory to illustrate social and interpersonal relations. This interpretation downgrades the concept and theory and reduces its connotations. ＂Structure of grade＂ can be regarded as a multi-dimensional framework of theoretical analysis which is a crossed composition of horizontal differences and vertical orders. It includes three-dimensional structure and action practice of people, having rich theoretical connotations. Therefore, it deserves further exploration and research.