产前诊断对室间隔完整的肺动脉瓣闭锁和危重型肺动脉瓣狭窄新生儿治疗及预后影响

The impact of prenatal diagnosis on treatment and prognosis of neonatal pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and critical pulmonary stenosis with intact ventricular septum

目的探讨产前诊断对室间隔完整的肺动脉瓣闭锁(PA/IVS)和危重型肺动脉瓣狭窄(CPS/IVS)新生儿早期治疗及近中期预后的影响。方法按病例对照研究方法,将28例有经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术(PBPV)手术指征的PA/IVS或CPS/IVS患儿根据有无产前诊断分为产前组(n=15)及产后组(n=13)。产前组于胎儿期明确诊断后即制定干预方案,产后组自外院转诊并明确诊断后制定干预方案。所有患儿均于血流动力学稳定后,在新生儿期接受PBPV,术后1个月、3个月、6个月、1年及2年时随访,比较两组患儿的临床情况、心脏彩色超声及介入术中的测量值。结果 28例患儿接受PBPV平均日龄为(7.53±3.18)d,平均体质量为(3 102.32±708.40)g,其中PA/IVS 9例,CPS/IVS 19例,随访时间(18.82±5.22)月,无死亡病例。产前组入院日龄及首次治疗日龄明显小于产后组,差异有统计学意义(P?<?0.05)。入院时产前组血流动力学较产后组稳定,产后组并发症发生率较高。随访过程中,两组再介入率、双心室循环情况及术后1年右室和肺动脉瓣的发育差异均无统计学意义(P?>?0.05)。结论产前诊断有助于对PA/IVS及CPS/IVS患儿的早期干预,并可减少术后并发症的发生。

Objective To explore the impact of prenatal diagnosis on the early treatment and short and medium term outcome of neonatal pulmonary atresia with intact ventricle septum (PA/IVS) or critical pulmonary stenosis with intact ventricle septum (CPS/IVS). Methods According to the case-control method, twenty-eight neonates with (PA/IVS) or (CPS/IVS) who had percutaneous pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBPV) surgery indications, were divided into the prenatal diagnosis group (n?=?15) and the postnatal diagnosis group (n?=?13). The prenatal diagnosis group was diagnosed in fetal period and the intervention program was since developed . The postnatal diagnosis group was referred from other hospitals, and the intervention program was developed after conifrmation of the diagnosis. All the neonates accepted the PBPV surgery after the hemodynamic parameters stable. All neonates were followed-up at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. Clinical situations, echocardiography results, and interventional cardiology measurements were compared between two groups. Result The average age and weigh was 7.53?±?3.18 days and 3102.32?±?708.40 g respectively at the time of PBPV surgery in 28 neonates. Among them, 9 neonates were PA/IVS and 19 neonates were CPS/IVS. The mean follow-up time was 18.8?±?5.22 months and there were no death. The ages at admission and at the ifrst treatment were signiifcantly younger in the prenatal diagnosis group than those in the postnatal diagnosis group (P?<?0.05). At admission, the hemodynamic parameters were more stable in the prenatal diagnosis group than those in the postnatal diagnosis group. The incidence of complications was higher in the prenatal diagnosis group than that in the postnatal diagnosis group. During the follow-up period, the rate of re-intervention, the situation of the double ventricular circulation, and the development of the right ventricle and pulmonary valve at one year after surgery were no difference between two groups (P?>?0.05). Conclusion Prenatal diagnosis is helpful for the early intervention in neonates with PA/IVS and CPS/IVS, and can reduce the complications after surgery.