马唐生防菌厚垣孢镰刀菌ZC201301的生物学特性研究

The biological characteristics of Digitaria sanguinalis pathogen Fusarium chlamydosporum strain ZC201301

厚垣孢镰刀菌ZC201301对杂草马唐具有良好的生物防效,本研究通过单次单因子法对菌株ZC201301的基本生物学特性进行了进一步研究.结果表明,菌株ZC201301最适生长培养基为PDA 和CAJ培养基,最适生长温度为25～30℃,最适生长pH 值为6～8;菌株ZC201301在多种培养基上均能产孢,最适产孢培养基为马唐汁液培养基,日光灯照射对菌丝生长影响不显著,但是对产孢有一定抑制作用;菌丝生长最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为硝酸铵;菌落生长需要充足氧气,气/液小于1∶1时菌丝生长受到抑制.湿度是影响ZC201301发挥生防效果的重要因子,环境湿度小于60%时生防效果下降显著.以上结果说明,该菌适宜培养,这对于其生防菌剂的制备及在田间条件下存活有重要意义.

Fusarium chlamydosporum strain ZC201301 showed high herbicidal activity towards Digitaria san-guinalis .In the present study,the ‘single factor at a time’method was used to determine biological character-istics of ZC201301.It was found that the optimal mycelial growth media were potato dextrose agar (PDA)and crabgrass leaf juice (CAJ),and the optimal temperature for mycelia growth ranged from 25 to 30℃.The opti-mal initial pH for culture media was 6-8.Strain ZC201301 can sporulate in a variety of media,but the optimal sporulation medium was CAJ.Mycelial growth did not differ significantly in fluorescent light from that in the dark,but darkness was beneficial for sporulation.The optimal carbon sources for mycelium growth was glu-cose,and the best nitrogen source was NH4 NO3 .Oxygen is essential for mycelial growth,and mycelial growth was inhibited when the liquid/gas ratio was less than 1∶1.The herbicidal activity of strain ZC201301 was sen-sitive to relative humidity,and was significantly decreased when humidity was less than 60%.These results in-dicate the strain ZC201301 is amenable to propagation,which is important for the preparation of bio-control a-gents and for their survival under field conditions.