西方林业科学在中国的实践及影响——德国侵占胶澳地区时期的造林工程

Practice of modern western forestry science in China and its influence:the period of German occupation plantation forest in Jiao'ao region

本文回顾了德国殖民者侵占胶澳地区(现中国青岛市)时期的植树造林活动,着重归纳了德国侵占胶澳地区期间植树造林活动的技术和管理方法,通过对其在胶澳地区造林活动的规划、宣传、树种的选育、管理机制及其影响等问题的比较分析,总结出了德国人在胶澳地区造林过程中运用的近代西方林业科学和管理方法,认为尽管这些造林活动都是为殖民活动所服务的,但是在客观上却成为近代西方林业科学在中国的首次实践,并在一定程度上对当时的林业建设和管理提供了有益借鉴。

This paper reviews the afforestation activities of German colonial authorities in the Jiao'ao region,and emphatically summarizes the technology and management methods of afforestation activities during the times of German occupation.Through a comparative analysis of the planning,advocacy,species selection,management mechanisms and its implications,the author summed up the modern western forestry science and management methods that German used during the afforestation process in Jiao'ao region.Although these afforestation activities were used for colonial activities,objectively,this was the first time that the modern western forestry science came into practice in China,and,to some extent,this could provide a useful reference for the forestry construction and management in the late Qing Dynasty and the national government.