茶树PVP申请品种的SSR分子标记鉴定和系谱关系分析

SSR Identification and Pedigree Analysis of PVP Application Cultivars in Tea Plant

利用30对SSR引物,对26个植物新品种保护（PVP）申请茶树品种及其13个近似品种与亲本进行了分子鉴定和系谱关系分析,探讨SSR分子标记在茶树新品种保护工作和DUS测试中的应用。研究结果显示,30对SSR引物共检测到131个等位基因,每对引物检测的等位基因数为3~7个,平均4.4个。平均Shannon信息指数（I）和多态信息含量（PIC）分别为1.04和0.51。39个参试品种的遗传距离在0.03~0.70之间。在遗传距离为0.15时,可将39个品种划分为7类,其中地理来源一致或遗传背景相似的材料基本上聚为一类。30对引物的品种鉴定能力差异较大,每对引物能鉴定的品种数为3~16个。通过4对核心引物的组合可以鉴定全部39个参试品种,并依此构建了SSR指纹图谱。

Thirty SSR markers were used in this study for molecular identification and pedigree analysis of 26 PVP application tea cultivars, and 13 similar cultivars and parents, for probing the possible application of PVP and DUS testing using SSR markers in tea plant. A total of 131 alleles were detected, the number of alleles detected by each SSR marker ranged from 3 to 7, with a mean of 4.4. The average values of Shannon index and polymorphism information content were 1.04 and 0.51, respectively. The genetic distance ranged from 0.03 to 0.70 between 39 cultivars. When the genetic distance was 0.15, they could be classified into 7 groups. Tea cultivars from the same province and genetic background were clustered into one group to some extent. The identification ability of the 30 SSR markers was quite different, each marker could identify 3-16 cultivars. The 39 tea cultivars could be clearly distinguished by 4 core primers which were used to construct the molecular fingerprinting of all cultivars.