新型扶梯式双向水力升船机及运行稳定性分析

Operating stability of new escalator-type bidirectional hydraulic shiplift

随着社会经济的发展,在中小河流发展通航及生态旅游越来越受到重视,鉴于传统的升船机和船闸结构复杂、投资大且自然和谐性差,提出了一种新型扶梯式双向水力升船机,其结构简单、操作方便,完全靠水力驱动,环保节能,具有良好的经济实用性。为了分析该种升船机的运行稳定性,建立了船体-缆绳-承船厢-水体的流固耦合数值模型,模拟分析了升船机运行过程中厢内水体和船体晃动的规律,探究了提高运行稳定性的措施。分析发现,厢内船体的晃动位移和承船厢受到的动水压力均在减速阶段出现峰值,晃动位移峰值与停船加速度的大小几乎成正比,且不受厢内水深变化的影响;水体晃动的频率与厢内水深有关,与停船加速度无关。据此,在承船厢内设置垂向挡板、T型挡板可在一定程度上减少厢内船体的晃动位移,而在承船厢内设置纵向、横向缆绳可以明显减少厢内船体的晃动位移,并且纵向缆绳的减晃效果好于横向缆绳。

With the development of society and economy,the development of navigation and ecological tourism in middle and small rivers receives more and more attentions.Due to complicated structure,high investments and bad compatibility with nature,here we put forward a new escalator-type bidirectional hydraulic shiplift.The new shiplift is simple in structure,easy to operate,environment-protective and energy-conservative,and has good economical and practical features.In order to analyze the operating stability of the shiplift,a ship-ship compartment cable-ship reception chamber-water fluid structure interaction numerical model was built,the rules of liquid sloshing and ship shaking during the operating period of ship lift were analyzed,and the measures of enhancing operating stability were studied.The results showed that：Firstly,the vertical displacement of the ship and the hydrodynamic pressure in the ship reception chamber display peaks during the deceleration time,and sloshing displacement peak is almost proportional to stop acceleration,which is not affected by the variation of water depth in the ship reception chamber;Secondly,the frequency of sloshing is correlated with water depth in the ship reception chamber and has nothing to do with stop acceleration;thirdly,the vertical and T-type baffle arranged in the chamber can reduce the sloshing displacement of the ship to a certain extent;Finally,the longitudinal and transverse cable arranged between the chamber and the ship can significantly reduce the sloshing displacement of ship and the longitudinal cable has the better effect on reducing sloshing than transverse cable.The findings of this paper have important reference value for engineering design.