西安市区地下水位动态特征与影响因素

Dynamic features of groundwater level in Xi′an city and its influence factors

根据西安市区地下水位监测资料,分析了地下位动态变化特征,并以水文地质分区为单元,对水位动态的影响因素(降水和开采)进行了研究。结果表明:1965年-2010年西安市地下水位整体呈下降趋势;降水量对地下水位的影响主要体现在丰水年水位回升或下降速率减缓,枯水年水位下降速率加剧,不同水文地质分区水位变化与降水量变化的相关程度不同;开采量对地下水位的影响体现在随着开采量增加,地下水位下降,但同样的开采量下,各个水文地质分区水位下降幅度不同;最后,运用灰色关联度分析水位变化的主导因素,结果表明,地下水开采是西安市区地下水位变化的主导因素。

According to the groundwater level monitoring data,here we analyzed the dynamic variation features of groundwater level in Xi′an City and studied its influence factors,such as precipitation and exploitation in different hydrogeological areas.The results showed that the groundwater level in Xi′an City was on the decline during 1965-2010.The dynamic changes of groundwater affected by precipitation mainly reflected in that groundwater level fell slowly or raised in wet years,but fell rapidly in dry years;the increased exploitation of groundwater led to a drop of groundwater level,but under the same exploitation,the drop amplitude of groundwater level in different hydrogeological areas behaved differently.Finally,exploitation is identified as the main influence factors for changes of groundwater level by using grey relational analysis.