MiR-200家族与消化道肿瘤的相关研究

Allied study between miR-200 family and digestive system neoplasms

消化道肿瘤是人类最常见的肿瘤之一,尽管诊疗措施不断改善,但其预后远不尽如人意。因此,探究消化道肿瘤的发生机制,寻找新的诊断方法及治疗措施具有重要意义。微小RNA(mi RNA)是一种广泛存在于真核生物细胞中的非编码单链小分子RNA,长约22个核苷酸分子,参与一系列生命活动,包括细胞增殖及凋亡、器官形成、造血过程、发育进程等,具有广泛的基因调节功能。自被发现以来,微小RNA逐渐受到学者们的关注。研究发现mi RNA在多种肿瘤中存在异常表达,与包括肿瘤在内的一系列疾病的发生、发展以及转归预后过程密切相关,发挥癌基因或者抑癌基因的作用。其中mi R-200家族与消化道肿瘤的关系是近年研究的热点,并且取得了一定的进展,研究发现mi R-200家族在不同的消化道肿瘤中的表达情况也不一致,但均与上皮间质转化进程及Wnt/β-catenin通路密切相关。现将mi R-200家族与消化道肿瘤的关系综述如下。

Digestive system neoplasm is one of the most common tumors in people. The level of treatment keeps improving, but the prognosis is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is significant to research the mechanisms of tumor, and further to find out a new method to help diagnosis of tumor, even therapy. Mi RNA, located at eucaryote far and wide, is a non-coding single chain micromolecule RNA. It owns 22 ribonucleotides and partakes a series of vital movements, including cell multiplication and apoptosis, organogenesis, hemopoiesis, and the process of upgrowth. Meanwhile, it can widely regulate the gene＇s function. Since be founded, mi RNAs stolen the limelight of researchers gradually. It was found that mi RNA expressed unusually in many kinds of tumors. It correlated closely to the processes of nascence, development and prognosis of many diseases, included tumor, and played a role of oncogene or cancer suppressor gene. Recently, the relationship between mi R-200 family and digestive system neoplasms becomes an investigatory hotspot, and achieves to a certain degree. The expressions of mi R-200 family are different in different kinds of digestive system neoplasms, but the common ground is tightly related to the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition（EMT） and the pathway to Wnt/β-catenin. Thus, this article delivered an overview about the relationships between mi R-200 and digestive system neoplasms as follows.