巴基斯坦药师角色转变中的挑战（英文）

Challenges in the shifting role of pharmacists in Pakistan

巴基斯坦的药师教育体系经历了不同阶段的进化历程,最初是三年制的学士教育,并于1978年延长至四年。为了与国际标准接轨并提供药师更多的就业机会,2003年该学制被5年制的药学博士教育替代,但是设立博士项目的初衷并没有实现。在现实中药师的角色转变依然面临诸多挑战。由于存在不专业的实践活动,药师没有被医疗护理团队接纳为一个不可或缺的成员。本文将揭示这些挑战,向相关部门提出建议,采取根本性的法律措施,消除药师在角色转变中的障碍,为巴基斯坦的病人提供富有成效的、有价值的服务。

Pharmacy education in Pakistan has gone and is still going through evolutionary stages.It started from a 3-year bachelor of pharmacy program which was extended to 4years in 1978.In 2003,it was replaced by a 5-year Pharm.D（Doctor of Pharmacy）program with the intention to meet international standards and to increase job opportunities for pharmacists.However,the goal has not been achieved.Pharmacists come across many challenges in performing their actual roles.They are not accepted as an integral part of the health care team because of unprofessional practices.This review will highlight some of these challenges and put forward recommendations to concerned authorities to take radical legislative steps,to overcome hurdles in the delivery of effective,efficient and valuable care service to patients in Pakistan.