五水头孢唑林钠引起过敏性休克的病例分析

Case analysis of anaphylactic shock induced by cefazolin sodium pentahydrate

目的:通过对五水头孢唑林钠引发一例过敏性休克的病例分析,探讨头孢菌素类药物皮试的意义。方法:观察一例使用五水头孢唑林钠后发生过敏性休克的病例,分析药物与不良反应间的相关性,并进行了相关文献的检索及分析。结果:病人在剖宫产术后使用五水头孢唑林钠发生过敏性休克,此病人青霉素皮试阴性,五水头孢唑林钠可能为此次过敏性休克的变应原。相关文献分析显示,目前国内对头孢菌素类药物皮试问题存在争议,尚未有明确的标准和指南。结论:用原药配制的皮试液进行皮试,对于降低过敏性休克的危险性具有积极的临床意义。

Objective：To discuss the significance of cephalosporin skin test by analyzing a case of anaphylactic shock caused by cefazolin sodium pentahydrate（CSP）after cesarean section.Methods：A case of anaphylactic shock caused by CSP was reviewed.The relationship between the drug and the adverse reaction was studied.The literature of the cephalosporin skin test was retrieved and analyzed.Results：The anaphylactic shock presented in this patient was caused by the administration of CSP after cesarean section.Penicillin skin test on the patient was negative,which indicated that CSP might be the allergen of the anaphylactic shock.Related literature also showed that there were controversies on cephalosporin skin test,and no standards or guidelines were recommended so far in China.Conclusion：It is of great clinical importance to use the original drug of cephalosporin for skin test in order to decrease the incidence of anaphylactic shock caused by cephalosporin.