基于因子分析的高血压患者中医证候探讨

Study on traditional Chinese medicine symptoms of hypertension based on the factor analysis

[目的]探讨高血压患者的中医常见证型、证候要素及复合证型的分布情况。[方法]采用问卷调查的形式,搜集不同地区的高血压患者,经数据清洗后得到787例有效问卷,经统计患者的症状出现频次,将53个全身症状和舌象、脉象的四诊信息进行因子分析,得出高血压患者的证候要素、病位、舌脉等信息。结合两者的情况进行复合证型的判断,总结出患者的实际证型分布及常见复合证型的特征。[结果]四诊信息出现频次大于50%的有18个。因子分析提取16个公因子后,分析高血压患者证候要素,病性包括:火热、痰湿、瘀血等。病位以肝为主,涉及肾、心、脾胃等脏腑。中医证型主要以肝阳上亢证、肝肾阴虚证、气虚血瘀证等为主。复合证型多为虚实夹杂,兼夹痰浊、瘀血等。[结论]高血压患者以阴虚阳亢证、气虚血瘀证、肝火上炎证为主,与肝肾有密切关系。

[Objective] To study traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） symptoms types, syndrome factors and the distribution of complex types of hypertension patients. [Methods] Using the form of questionnaire survey, we collected patients with hypertension in different districts, 787 questionnaires were recycled after data cleaning, and statistics the frequency of symptoms in patients, with 53 systemic symptoms including tongue, pulse condition information and four diagnostic factor analysis. It was concluded that different common symptom factors of hypertensive patients, disease, tongue and pulse and so on four diagnostic information. With the situation of both complex type judgment, summed up the patient＇s actual type distribution and characteristic of common complex type. [Results] We got18 four diagnostic information appeared more than 50% of the present frequency. After factor analysis, extracted 16 common factor analysis of patients with hypertension, syndrome elements, nature of disease include： heat, phlegm-damn and blood stasis, etc. The main disease located in liver, related to Zang-Fu organs such as heart, kidney, spleen and stomach. TCM syndromes type mainly were： essence of liver Yang syndrome, liver and kidney Yin deficiency syndrome, Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, etc. Complex type mainly was intermingled deficiency and excess, combined with phlegm turbidity and blood stasis, etc. [Conclusion] Hypertension patients are commonly with Yin deficiency, and Yang excess syndrome, Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, liver-fire flaming syndrome, and were closely related to liver and kidney.