对波普尔“世界3”理论的批判性考查

A Critical Study of Popper's Theory of “World Ⅲ”

波普尔认为除物理世界和心理世界之外,还存在一个由科学理论体系、思想内容和艺术形式组成的"世界3"。图书馆实验、对数案例以及因果作用的类比论证共同保证了"世界3"存在的客观性、实在性、自主性以及进化生成特性。据此来看,"世界3"与人工物世界在成员构成上有重合。但是二者都是人类精神创造的产物,正是在这一点上,波普尔的"世界3"和柏拉图-弗雷格的"第三域"有重大不同。基于以上的比较考查,波普尔"世界3"理论存在的三个突出问题将会被详细地阐释出来:概念分析不清晰,先验论证不充分,调节平衡方案不成功。

Popper had proposed a view of the universe that besides the physical world I and the psychological world Ⅱ, there also exists the world Ⅲ that consists of the system of scientific theory and the content of thought, and the form of art. The library-experiment and the logarithmic case, the argument of causal effect analogy altogether warrant the characteristic of 'world Ⅲ', which is objectivity, reality, autonomy, and evolutionary generating. From this point of view. I find that 'world Ⅲ'and the world of artifacts contain the same members, but both are created by human spirits. At this point, there is a great difference between Popper's theory of 'world Ⅲ' and Plato-Frege's 'third realm'. On this basis of comparative study, I will elaborate in detail three problems of Popper's theory of 'world Ⅲ': unclarity of conceptual analysis, insufficiency of transcendental argument, and the failure of regulative balancing-scheme.