家庭运动环境对11～12月龄婴儿认知-运动发育的影响研究

Study on influencing factors in home motor environment on cognitive-motor development in 11～12 months infants

目的探索家庭运动环境对11~12月龄婴儿认知-运动发育的影响,为今后开展相关干预提供线索和依据。方法随机选择上海市长宁区妇幼保健院儿保门诊定期健康检查的婴儿,共纳入11~12月龄正常婴儿279名。采用儿童家庭环境核查表和年龄与发育进程问卷（中文版）（Age＆Stage Questionnaires-Chinese,ASQ-C）分别对婴儿家庭环境及认知运动发育水平进行测评。结果孕周、喂养方式、家中的房间数、家庭收入、室内外活动空间及时间对婴儿的认知-运动发育均有影响;经多重线性回归分析显示家中的房间数、室外活动空间、是否安排身体活动、怀抱时间、使用行走装置时间、俯趴时间、在游戏围栏中及自由活动的时间为婴儿认知-运动发育的影响因素（P〈0.05）。结论为婴儿提供合适的室内外活动空间,安排身体活动,增加婴儿使用行走装置和俯趴时间,增加其在游戏围栏中及自由活动的时间,减少怀抱时间,有利于婴儿认知-运动的发育。

Objective To search the influencing factors in home motor environment on cognitive-motor development in11~12months infants and provide clues and basis for future intervention. Methods Totally 279 healthy infants of 11~12months were selected randomly of regular health checks in child health care clinic in Changning Maternal and Infant Health Care Hospital of Shanghai.The child home environment questionnaire and AgeStage Questionnaires-Chinese（ASQ-C）were respectively used to investigate the home environment and the children＇s cognitive-motor development level. ResultsThe factors associated with infants＇ cognitive-motor development were：gestational weeks,the feeding patterns,number of the room in home,family income,indoor and outdoor activity space and time.With the multiple linear analysis,it showed that the influencing factor on infants＇ cognitive-motor development were：number of the room in home,outdoor activity space,arrange physical activities or not,the time of in arms,using walking devices,lying prone,activities in playpen and the free time（P0.05）. Conclusion To provide appropriate indoor and outdoor activity space for the baby,arrange physical activities,increase the time of using walking devices,lying prone,activities in playpen and the free time,reduce the time of in arms is benefit to the baby＇s cognitive-motor development.