刑法实质解释立场下的“敲诈勒索”解读

"Extortion" Criminal Law under Substantive Explanation of Position

我国刑法上"敲诈勒索"概念的模糊性,加上学理上的形式化解释,导致了对敲诈勒索罪理解和认定的混乱。现实中不少欠缺刑事可罚性的勒索行为,甚至正当的维权索赔行为,被错误当作敲诈勒索罪处理。敲诈勒索罪的合理认定,应秉持刑法谦抑精神,坚持实质解释的立场,从刑法的立法精神上准确把握"敲诈勒索"应有的不法内涵,通过社会相当性判断和构成要件相当性判断,对"敲诈勒索"进行质与量的界定,从而将那些在社会道德秩序内的"社会相当"行为和那些虽不具有社会相当性但未达到刑事可罚程度的勒索财物行为排除于犯罪圈之外。

The ambiguity of the Criminal Law ＂extortion＂ concept, coupled with the formal doctrinal interpretation, led to identify confusion. In reality, some extortion cases could not be judged as criminal penalties. Even some legitimate claims should be considered mistakenly as extortion deals. A reasonable determination of extortion should uphold the spirit of Criminal Law, insist substantive interpretation stand, spiritually and accurately grasp the criminal law from legislation. The illegal content of extortion should be considered, through social considerable judgment and considerable judgment Elements to define the quality and quantity of extortion, so as to exclude those cases which are of social and moral order and to include those cases which of real content of extortion.