恩施土家族苗族自治州中心医院口腔正畸科埋伏牙患者回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis of the Prevalence of Impacted Teeth in Patients from the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

目的：统计恩施土家族苗族自治（以下简称恩施州）州中心医院口腔正畸科患者埋伏阻生牙（以下简称埋伏牙）患病情况,初步掌握本地区埋伏牙的患病率及牙位分布。方法：通过回顾性分析恩施州中心医院口腔正畸科2011年1月1日~2013年12月30日接诊的错牙合畸形患者共1121名,以CT三维重建影像为诊断依据,统计埋伏牙（第三磨牙除外）患者数量,然后分别根据患者性别、民族及阻生牙牙位进行统计分析。结果：经统计分析恩施州中心医院口腔正畸科错牙合畸形患者埋伏牙患病率为为9.61%,明显高于国内其他地区。其中以埋伏牙牙位为依据,患病率最高为上颌尖牙（P〈0.05）、其余从高到低依次为多生牙、上颌侧切牙、上颌中切牙、上颌双尖牙、下颌尖牙、下颌双尖牙、下颌切牙、下颌磨牙、上颌磨牙。以埋伏牙数量为依据,患病率最高为单颗牙埋伏（P〈0.05）,其次从高到低依次为两颗牙、多颗牙。但患病率不存在性别、民族差异。结论：恩施州埋伏阻生牙患病率高,在口腔检查和诊断中需引起足够重视。

Objecive： To study the prevalence of impacted teeth in patients from the Department of Stomatology of the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao autonomous Prefecture. Methods： Data of 1121 patients were collected in the Central Hospital of Enshi from Jan. 1, 2011 to Dee. 30, 2013. With the help of CT, patients with impacted teeth were chosen and statistically analyzed according to different gender, nation and position. Results： The preva- lence rate of the impacted teeth in orthodontic patients was 9.61%, and it was apparently higher than other areas of the country. Among these impacted teeth, the maxillary canines occupied the largest proportion （P〈0.05）, fol- lowed by supernumerary teeth, maxillary lateral incisor. Most cases presented only one impacted teeth （P〈0.05）. The prevalence of the impacted teeth showed no gender and ethnic differences. Conclusion： The prevalence of the impacted teeth was high in orthodontic patients, and the orthodontists should pay more attention in the clinical diag- nosis.