犯罪设定中定量因素的定位与改革

The Position and Reform of the Quantitative Factors in the Crime Setting Mode

我国刑法典采取立法"既定性,又定量"的犯罪设定模式。其中,定量因素在发挥限定犯罪圈的范围、衔接犯罪与违法二元制裁模式作用的同时,也造成犯罪圈在适用过程中隐藏着无度扩张的危机,存在犯罪与违法行为难以清晰界分的问题。应当认识到,定量因素是各国刑法立法和司法适用均无可避免的客观存在,对其一味地予以否定和排斥并不是一种科学的态度。为解决因定量因素的存在而带来的弊端,一方面,在立法上,应对其在刑法典中包含的具体内容加以明示,并从适用范围上对其进行限制;另一方面,在司法程序上,还应以我国现行二元制裁体制作为前提,对行政执法程序进行法治化改造。

The criminal law of China takes ＂both qualitative and quantitative＂ as the crime setting mode. The quantitative factors not only limit the scope of the crime and joint crime and illegal sanctions model, but also cause the excessive expansion of crisis in the process of application of criminal circle and bring about the problem that the boundary between crime and illegal behavior is blurred. It should be noticed that the quantitative factor is the objective existence of the legislative and judicial application of criminal law. It is not a scientific attitude to deny and reject it. In order to solve the problems of the quantitative factors, on the one hand, we should expres.s the concrete contents of the quantitative factors and limit the application range, which should be included in the legislation. On the other hand, we should make a rule-of-law reform about the administrative law enforcement procedure.