聚碳酸亚丙酯型水性聚氨酯的合成与性能研究

Synthesis and properties of poly(propylene carbonate) waterborne polyurethane

以聚碳酸亚丙酯多元醇(PPC)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、乙二胺(EDA)为原料,制备了PPC型水性聚氨酯(PPCWPU)。研究了异氰酸酯指数、DMPA用量对水性聚氨酯乳液及其成膜后性能的影响,结果显示,当w(DMPA)为5%、异氰酸酯指数值为1.5时产品的综合性能最优,拉伸强度达到50MPa,断裂伸长率达到583%。实验表明,PPCWPU的强度和聚碳酸亚己酯型WPU相近,远远超过聚醚和聚酯型WPU,断裂伸长率处于聚醚和聚酯型WPU之间。PPCWPU还具有良好的耐热性,热分解失重5%的温度为271℃,和其他类型的水性聚氨酯相近。

Poly（propylene carbonate） waterborne polyurethane（PPCWPU） with good performance was synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI）, poly（propylene carbonate） polyols（PPC） and dimethylol propionic acid（DMPA） as raw materials. The effects of NCO/OH mole ratio（R） and DMPA dosages on the qualities of PPCWPU emulsion and film were investigated. The results showed that the optimum performance of WPU was achieved when DMPA dosage was 5% by mass and R was 1.5. The tensile strength and the elongation at break of PPCWPU were 50 MPa and 583%, respectively. It was found that the tensile strength of PPCWPU was similar to poly（hexamethylene carbonate） diols based WPU and stronger than polyether and polyester based WPU. The elongation at break of PPCWPU was between polyether and polyester based WPU. Moreover, PPCWPU had excellent thermostability,5% mass loss temperature was 271℃, which is similar to other types of waterborne polyurethane.