云南省珠宝玉石产业可持续发展问题探讨

A Study on Sustainable Development of Jewelry Industry in Yunnan Province

俗语有云"玉出云南",云南省是与世界最重要翡翠产区关系最密切的中国省区。云南省的珠宝产业,特别是其翡翠产业在全国具有独特的地位。本文在重溯云南省珠宝玉石产业发展历史、研判其产业发展现状的基础上,探讨了影响云南省珠宝玉石产业可持续发展的因素。在珠宝玉石产业上,与其它省区相比,云南省具有明显的区位发展优势,良好国民经济发展态势,独特的历史、人文自然环境和政策优势等,这些有利条件成为云南珠宝玉石产业可持续发展的重要动力,但同时,由于品种及市场结构相对单一,人才缺口较大,特别是没有形成内生型产业集聚,云南省珠宝玉石产业的竞争优势有待进一步提高,产业更大规模可持续发展仍然面临较大的挑战。云南省应抓住当下区域发展战略调整的机遇,丰富市场结构,增强以翡翠产业为主导的云南珠宝产业的集聚能力,培养和引进专业高端优秀人才,进一步推动珠宝产业与旅游、金融、文化创意等多产业的创新融合发展,在全省范围内形成根植于本地的内生型玉器产业集聚,构建起完整的珠宝产业链条,获得产业可持续发展的源动力。

It is well-known that jade comes from Yunnan Province. Yunnan Province has the closest relationship with the most important jade regions in the world. Its jewelry industry, especially the jade industry, has an unique position in China. Based on development history and current situation of jewelry industry in Yunnan Province, this paper discusses the driv- ing factors and existing problems of sustainable development of Yunnan Province jewelry in- dustry, and puts forward a policy suggestion. Jewelry industry in Yunnan Province has a long history experiencing silence, recovery and revitalization of spiral development process. At present, jade industry in Yunnan Province has reached a considerable market share and has the foundation to build an even bigger culture industry based on jewelry. Comparing with other provinces, we believed that Yunnan Province has obvious geographical advantages as well as unique history and humanities environment, and preferential industrial policies, which are essential driving forces behind the sustainable development of jewelry industry in Yunnan Province. Combined with the opportunities brought by the national strategic adjust- ment and the trend of convergent development of financing, tourism, creative cultural indus- try and other industries, Yunnan Province has more potential to become an important growth center for jewelry industry in western China. Less variety of gemstones and market struc- tures, serious brain drain, and, most importantly, no endogenous industrial cluster, poses threats to the advantage of jewelry industry in Yunnan Province and its sustainable develop- ment. To get the driving force of sustainable development, Yunnan Province needs to seize the opportunity in strategic regional movement, enrich its market structure, enhance indus- trial clustering ability of the jade industry, further develop high-end professional talents, promote further integration of jewelry industry, tourism, financing, cultural creative indus- try and other industries, form endogenous industrial cluster rooted in local area, and build up a complete jewelry industry chain.