余热锅炉启动特性仿真研究

The simulation research about the starting characteristic of the waste heat boiler

在余热锅炉运行中,启动——特别是冷态启动最难调控也最容易出现故障,同时启动操作的优劣也严重影响机组的效率及寿命,因此有必要对余热锅炉的启动特性进行分析。本文依据理论分析和经验归纳相结合方法,建立余热锅炉数学模型,对高压过热器和高压省煤器模块,高压蒸发器和低压蒸发器模块,高压汽包和除氧器模块的计算方法进行详细的研究。利用仿真软件,对余热锅炉冷态启动过程进行了模拟,结果准确,证实了该软件不仅能模拟余热锅炉的稳态运行工况,更能够模拟冷态启动等负荷大范围变动时的动态特性,具有一定可行性和可靠性,能够满足实时仿真的需要。

In the operation of the waste heat boiler,the starting was difficult to control and the failures would emerge easily in the starting process,especially in the cold starting process. And the efficiency and lifetime of the unit would be affected seriously by the performance of the starting operation,therefore,it is necessary to analyze the starting characteristics of the waste heat boiler. In this paper,according to the method about combing the theory analysis and experience summarizing,the mathematical model of the waste heat boiler was established. The calculation methods of several modules including high pressure super heater,high pressure economizer,high pressure evaporator,low pressure evaporator,high pressure steam pocket and deaerator were researched. The cold starting process of the waste heat boiler was simulated by using the simulation software,and the results were accurate,which confirmed that this kind of software could not only simulate the steady state operation of the waste heat boiler but also simulate the dynamic performance of the cold starting with the large changing of the load. It was of feasibility and reliability and could meet the requirements of the real time simulation.