王阳明“格物致知”的道德修养理论探析

An Analysis of Wang Yangming's "Ge Wu Zhi Zhi" Theory on Moral Cultivation

"格物致知"是中国传统文化中一个极为重要的概念。对它的诠释很多,其中以朱熹与王阳明的最为著名,然而朱、王"格物致知"的内涵却相去甚远。王阳明的格物致知理论以良知作为心之本体,奠定了道德修养可行性的理论基础;以良知被外物蒙蔽、失去行为导向功能,昭示了道德修养的必要性;最后以"知行合一"作为修养境界,以"致良知"作为最终目标,凸显了王阳明修养理论的系统性。以此理论为依据,王阳明提出了静坐、事上磨练、改过等道德修养方法。

＂ Ge Wu Zhi Zhi＂ is an important concept in China traditional culture. There are many interpretations of it. However,the interpretation of Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming were the most famous. Wang Yangming＇s theory of conscience as the heart of the body,laid the theoretical foundation of feasibility of moral cultivation; the conscience blinded by an external theory,revealed the necessity of the moral cultivation; the theory on ＂ the unity of knowledge and action＂ as the realm of self-cultivation and ＂ purifying conscience＂ as the ultimate goal,highlighted the system of Wang-Yangming＇s theory of self-cultivation. On the basis of the theory,Wang-Yangming put forward the moral cultivation methods,such as meditation,cultivation through daily life,and Correcting mistakes.