国家意识形态下的现代记忆工程——以少数民族民间文学为例

Modern Memory Project under the Construction of State Ideology——Based on Minority Folk Literature

文学是国家政治意识形态的重要建构要素,同时也为人们把握自己的文化提供一种表达形式。那些流传于民间的关于文化传统的叙事,深藏在人们口耳相传的记忆深处。这些记忆蕴含着丰富的历史信息,其中大多表现为口头传承的形态。通过讲述与采录的办法,将口承叙事转化为文字样态留存,并以"民间文学"的概念加以明晰。这些承载着民族历史与文化传统的记忆,在现代国家的建构过程中,成为可以利用的积极助力。建国初期的少数民族文化调查与民间文学的搜集工作发生交集,大量的少数民族民间文学作品被挖掘出来,充实了共和国文学的内容。这项在现代语境下以"国家"为主线的文化工程,成为我们记忆中值得书写的文化史。

Literature is an important element in national ideology construction,which also provides people with an expression form for grasping their culture. As for those narratives about traditional culture which are widely-held in civil,they are hidden deep in memories passed from mouth to mouth. These memories contain abundant history information,most of which take the form of oral inheritance. The methods used in this study are telling and transcribing,which enabled us to convert the oral narratives into written forms,and also to clarify them by the concept of ＂ Folk Literature＂. These memories,which carry national history and cultural tradition,become a positive help available to the construction of modern nation. Research of minority culture in the early decades of our country is mixed with collection of folk literature,and lots of minority folklore works are dug out,which enriched the literature of republic. This cultural project in modern context,whose main line is ＂ nation＂,becomes a cultural history worthy to be written in our memory.