基于Zipf定律和分形理论的碳储量分布研究

Study on Spatial Distribution of Carbon Storage Based on Fractal Theory and Zipf Theorem

运用Zipf定律和分形理论对江西省森林土壤有机碳储量及植被碳储量规模分布特征进行了定量研究。结果表明：1森林土壤碳储量和森林植被碳储量规模分布均符合Zipf定律,通过Zipf定律把握碳储量规模的分布是可行的;2在等级-森林0~20 cm土壤有机碳储量规模分布中,出现了双分形特征,存在2个次级结构子系统,系统Ⅰ中Zipf维数q〈1,分形维数（D）较大,说明各地区之间土壤碳储量规模差异不大,分布相对集中,分形形态表现较好;系统Ⅱ中Zipf维数q〉1,分形维数（D）较小,说明各地区之间土壤碳储量规模结构差异较大,分布相对分散,分形特征形态表现较差。0~100 cm土壤有机碳储量规模分布规律与0~20 cm土壤有机碳储量规模分布相似;3在等级-森林植被碳储量规模分布双对数图上也存在2个子系统,表现出明显的双分形特征。综合结果分析表明,在江西全省范围内,无论是土壤碳储量,还是森林植被碳储量,在资源规模分布上都存在着极大的不均衡性,其空间结构差,优化程度不高,亟待进一步完善。

The spatial distribution of carbon storage in forest soil and vegetation of Jiangxi province was studied by Zipf theorem and fractal theory. The results showed that ：（1）The scale distribution of organic carbon storage in forest soil and vegetation was in conformity with Zipf theorem, and it was a feasible way to study the ranking structure of forest resource quantitatively. （2）The distribution of rank-forest 0-20 cm soil organic carbon storage was double fractal, and contained two subsystems. In subsystem Ⅰ ,Zipf dimension q〈1 and fractal dimension D was big, which meant the scale difference of soil organic carbon storage among the cities was not large, the distribution was concentrated, and the fractal pattern was good. While in subsystemⅡ , Zipf dimension q〉1 and fractat dimension D was small, which indicated that the difference of soil organic carbon storage among the cities was large, the distribution was dispersed relatively, and the fractal pattern was bad. The distribution of rank-soil 0-100 cm soil organic carbon storage was also double fractal and contained two subsystems, and similar with the distribution of rank-soil 0-20 cm soil organic carbon storage. （3）In the distribution of rank-forest vegetation carbon storage, there also presented double fractal and two subsystems. The results indicated that throughout Jiangxi province, the scale distribution of resources existed huge imbalance, bad space structure, and low optimized degree, so it needed to be improved.