四大家鱼产卵栖息地适宜度与大坝泄流相关性分析

Analysis on correlation between suitability of spawning habitat for four major Chinese carps and discharge from dam

为探究三峡—葛洲坝水库联合调度运行后,长江四大家鱼对不同大坝泄流工况下产卵栖息地水动力环境的适宜性,在构建长江四大家鱼主要产卵栖息地水动力数学模型及产卵栖息地适宜度评价模型基础上,针对大坝不同运行参数进行大坝泄流方式与四大家鱼产卵栖息地适宜度相关性分析。结果表明,大坝泄流量为10 000~15 000 m^3/s时,四大家鱼产卵栖息地具有较高的适宜度;在流量基数为10 000~15 000 m^3/s,日均流量增长率为1 000~1 500 m^3/s时,四大家鱼产卵栖息地同样有较高的产卵栖息适宜度。研究结果可为构建考虑家鱼自然繁殖的水库生态调度方式提供参考。

For researching the suitability of spawning habitat for the four major Chinese carps after the joint-operation of both Sanxia Reservoir and Gezhouba Reservoir, the correlations between the discharge modes with various modes of discharges from the dams and the suitability of spawning habitat for the four major Chinese carps are analyzed on the basis of establishing hydrody- namic mathematical model of the main spawning habitats and the suitability evaluation model for the carps. The result shows that the spawning habitats have higher suitabilities, when the total discharge from the dams is 10 000 - 15 000 m3/s, while the spawning habitats have the same higher suitability, when the daily increment of the total discharge is 1 000- 1 500 m3/s on the condition of the discharge base of 10 000 - 15 000 m3/s. This study result can provide a reference for constructing the eco-opera- tion mode in consideration of the natural breeding of the carps.