当代中国的科学传播

Science Communication in Contemporary China

当代中国的科学传播有三个名称:科普、科技传播和科学传播,分别代表科学传播的三个群体和三种模式。由中国科协所主导的科普是主流和正统,拥有国家主义、功利主义、科学主义三重特征,近20年来有边缘化趋势。科技传播的研究者主要是传播学家,主要关注传播手段和传播效率,与科普理念没有冲突。科学传播的倡导者主要是科学史家和科学哲学家,挑战主流和正统科普的三大意识形态。以北大科学传播中心为标志,形成了中国科学传播的批判学派。三种模式仍然处在剧烈的互动和融合过程之中。

Science communication in contemporary China has three names： Science Popularization （SP）, Science and Technology Communication （STC） and Science Communication （SC）, representing three groups and three modes of science communication. As the mainstream and orthodox, SP, dominated by China Association for Science and Technology （CAST）, has three characteristics： nationalism, utilitarianism and scientism. However, it has gradually been marginalized in the past 20 years to some extent. The main researchers of STC are communication experts, focusing on the means and efficiency of communication. They have no conflict with the idea of SP. The advocates of SC are mainly historians of science and philosophers of science who challenge the three ideologies of traditional SP. Indicated by the Center for Science Communication of Peking University, the Critical School of Science Communication was formed. These three modes are still in the process of intense interaction and integration.