还原论论争及形相解析

An Analysis on Debates and Forms of Reductionism

还原论的表现形式是不同的,如果没有明确的区分就会对还原论产生误解。深入剖析有关还原论的论争,可以将其分为本质层面、本体论层面、认识论层面、方法论层面四种形相。这种区分有利于界定与澄清有关还原论的诸多解释。对待还原论,首先需要认识到微观还原与宏观还原的匹配,其次在本体论上树立时空观念,认识论上建立简单性和生成性信念,方法论上确立整合原则,最后强调方法论与本体论、认识论的非同构性关系。

The forms of reductionism are different. There will be a misunderstanding on reductionism if no clear distinction is made. An in-depth analysis of the debate shows that it can be divided into four forms in ontological, epistemological, methodological and fundamental level. This article stresses that, when using the term of reductionism, we need to realize the relation of the micro-reduction and macro-reduction, then set up the conception of time and space in ontology, hold the faith on simplicity and generative in epistemology, and establish integration principle in methodology. Finally, we shall not forget the non-homogeneity on ontology, epistemology, and methodology.