研究进展与学界共识:民族国家及其建构问题简论

Nation-state and Its Construction: Research and Consensus

作为当今国际政治体系的基本分析单位,民族国家在全球化时代遭遇到了前所未有的冲击与挑战,并由此促发了中外学界对于民族国家及其建构问题的研究兴趣。从对民族国家本体的关注到对民族国家建构的探讨,学界相关研究的进展与民族国家的现实境遇密切相连。研究中达成的共识主要包括:民族国家的建构具有阶段性特征,可以依据不同的标准而把其建构方式进行类型学划分;在民族国家建构过程中,国家认同的重要性无可替代;民族国家建构本身的重要性得到中西方学者的普遍重视;承认民族国家建构与民族主义之间有着极为密切的关联。分析表明,民族主义既是催生民族国家建构、推进民族政治发展的重要力量,也是威胁国家主权统一、领土完整,破坏和分裂现存民族国家,阻止和隔断民族国家建构。

Nation-states have met unprecedented challenges in the era of globalization, and aroused foreign and domestic scholars’ interest in nation-states and their construction. The development of those scholars’ research is closely related to the real situation of nation-states. Scholars have reached such consensus： the construction of nation-states is characterized by stages; in this construction process, the importance of national identity is irreplaceable; both foreign and domestic scholars are attaching importance to the construction; such construction is closely related to nationalism. Analysis shows that nationalism can promote nation-states’ construction and political development, and also threatens the integrity of a nation’s sovereignty and territory, destroy and split nation-states.