战争、国家与性别:抗战大后方的妇女节纪念

Women's Day Celebration in the Rear Area during the Anti-Japanese War

抗战期间,妇女节不仅是专属于女性的社会时间点,还是动员妇女参与抗战的特殊场域。此时节日纪念主旨于女性群体自身诉求外,加入了动员妇女支持抗战、宣传女性国家民族责任感等新内容。面对政府的宣传,尽管群体内部因知识水平、社会阶层不同反响各异,却也激励了相当数量的女性投入救亡工作。在她们看来,即便立足于妇女权益,支持抗战也是争取妇女解放的有利契机,两者相辅相成。由于节日纪念的普及,政治功能外的社会意义也有一定呈现。纪念仪式及相关象征符号,持续地向人们传递现代化的政治、社会理念,而为增强节日吸引力举办的种种休闲庆祝活动,也在潜移默化中提升了妇女的群体认同意识,传播了现代性的生活方式。

During the Anti-Japanese War,Women＇s Day was not only the social time for women,but also the special field which aroused women to participate in the war. The main purpose of the festival celebration was focused on the interests and liberation of women,while it added mobilization and responsibility aspects. In order to achieve the purpose of the festival celebration,the National Government vigorously popularized Women＇s Day in grassroots society. Many women participated in national salvation work. In their views,supporting the war was also a favorable opportunity for women＇s liberation. In the promotion process,Women＇s Day played a big role in social education. It conveyed a modern political and social philosophy to the people by the memorial ceremony and symbols,and provided recreational activities to the people.