宋代湖州城的“界”与“坊”

“Jie”and “Fang”of Huzhou City in Song Dynasty

宋代湖州城中"界"与"坊"的格局、空间实态与历史变迁研究具有典型意义。《永乐大典》辑本《嘉泰吴兴志》卷二《坊巷·州治》全文实为清人错辑明初《吴兴续志》之文,在此资料批判的基础上,可以确认南宋后期城中的"坊"的实际形态,应为街口树有牌坊的街巷;同时,在复原获得宋代湖州罗城平面形态的基础上,由明、清回溯复原宋代湖州城"界"的分布与区划,可以确认湖州城的"界"并非"坊"的别称,实即城中之"里",是附郭乡的赋役征发基本单位和"厢"的警巡消防基层区划。

The research on the distribution and evolution of ＂Jie＂ （界） and ＂Fang＂（坊） of Huzhou City in Song Dynasty is of great significance in the study of historical urban geography. This study found that the full text of Fang Xiang Zhou Zhi（ 《坊巷·州治》 ） , the second volume of Jia Tai Wu Xing Zhi（ 《嘉泰吴兴志》 ） which copied from Yongle Canon（ 《永乐大典》） , was actually a wrong copy from the text of Wu Xing Xu Zhi（《吴兴续志》） by the scholar in Qing Dynasty. On the basis of this material criticism, the true shape of ＂Fang＂ in the late Southern Song Dynasty was reconstructed, which proved to be the street with ＂Paifang＂ （牌坊） on the street corner. Meanwhile, based on the restoration of the plane form of broad walls in Huzhou City in Song Dynasty, we backdated the restoration of the ＂boundary＂ of Huzhou City District in Song Dynasty, and arrived at the conclusion that ＂ Jie＂ in Huzhou City was not the nickname of ＂Fang＂, it was ＂Li＂ （ 里 ） in the city, which was the basic u- nit of ＂Xiang＂ （ 乡 ） for tax levy within the city walls and the primary division of ＂Xiang＂ （ 厢 ） for police patrol and fire control.