双低油菜硫苷含量与鸟害关系研究

Bird damage and glucosinolates of canola(Brassica napus L.)

以43份来自参加国家油菜区域试验的不同种子硫苷含量的双低甘蓝型油菜为材料,于角果期调查鸟害情况,对发生鸟害的8份油菜品系进行蕾期鸟害指数分析,并测定各品系的种子硫苷总量与分量,进行鸟害品系与未发生鸟害的品系间比较分析,研究这两类油菜与硫苷含量的关系。结果表明：13份油菜品系的种子硫苷含量大于23μmol/g饼,它们均未发生鸟害;硫苷含量低于23μmol/g饼时,油菜品系均不同程度地发生鸟害,鸟害发生率为14.3%～50.0%,其中有8个发生鸟害的油菜品系其鸟害指数为25.0%～77.22%,且油菜的鸟害指数随着硫苷含量的提高而降低。T测验结果表明,6种脂肪族硫苷分量在硫苷含量低于23μmol/g饼的鸟害品系和硫苷含量大于23μmol/g饼的非鸟害品系间达到显著或极显著差异水平,而芳香族和吲哚族硫苷分量在两类油菜品系间均无显著差异。相关性分析结果表明,脂肪族硫苷含量与鸟害指数负相关。表明随着脂肪族硫苷含量的增加,鸟害发生率及鸟害指数呈现降低的趋势。

To better understand the relationship between bird damage and glucosinolates content of rapeseed,43 bred lines from the National Regional Trail of Rapeseed（ 2013） were investigated,and 8 injured lines at bud stage were analyzed on their glucosinolates. Results showed that 13 rapeseed lines had more than 23μmol / g glucosinolates（ in rapeseed cake）,and they had no bird damage. Others with lower glucosinolates than 23μmol / g had bird damage in different degrees. Their damage index ranged from 14. 3% to 50. 0%. Among them,8 injured lines had damage index of 25. 0% to 77. 22%. The damage was more serious on lines with less seed glucosinolates. T test result showed that,6 aliphatic glucosinolates profiles had significant difference between injured and healthy lines. Aromatic and indolyl glucosinolates profiles had no difference between these two types of lines. Results also showed that the aliphatic profiles had negative correlation with the index of bird damage,indicating that aliphatic profiles were the main contributing factors.