基于眼动实验和模板技术的应急地图设计研究

Emergency Thematic Map Design Based on the Eye Tracking Experiments and Template Technologies

在近年来发生的应急事件中,地图发挥着越来越重要的作用,但是不同的任务类型、使用对象和使用环境要求应急地图的设计务必快速高效、主题突出,而且不能千篇一律。但是,应急地图的设计制作中存在着制图周期长、地图现势性差、制图模块不可重用、缺少设计原则、成图效率低下、忽略用户差异等问题,严重阻碍了应急地图的推广和应用。文章对应急地图研究现状和设计中存在的问题进行分析,对应急地图的设计情境进行归纳,提出应急地图设计原则,基于眼动实验获取应急地图符号设计知识,基于模板技术提出一种快速设计应急地图的思路和方法,并给出各阶段设计的实例效果图。

Nowadays,map plays a more and more important role in emergency cases,such as earthquake,fire damp explosion,traffic jam,terrorism attack,air pollution and contagious infection like SARS,etc. Emergency map can be used in the preparedness,warning,response and recovery phases of the emergency to help reduce the loss of lives and money. But problems exist at present,such as the complex mapping process,the insufficient design,and the poor orient ability. A new rapid design method for emergency map by eye movement and template technology is brought up in this paper as below. The problems are analyzed in the first part. In the next section,some new rules are brought up considering complex usage conditions and aiming to solve design problems. Additionally,emergency map design knowledge is obtained from a set of questionnaire and eye movement tracking experiments. Eventually,by templates combining method,the emergency thematic map consists of the base map template,thematic template,symbol template and other templates,which are picked from comparable template groups. Especially,the templates in each group are designed in different content,style and color beforehand so that they can be chosen and combined rapidly when emergency cases burst out.